Sun exposure can have a number of negative effects on the skin. UV rays are the leading cause of skin cancer, including melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer. They can also cause premature aging, including wrinkles, age spots, and sagging skin. Sunburns, in particular, can cause lasting damage to the skin, including inflammation and DNA damage that can lead to skin cancer.
Sunscreen is the most effective way to protect the skin from the harmful effects of UV rays. It works by creating a physical barrier on the skin that blocks or absorbs UV rays before they can penetrate the skin. This can help prevent sunburn and skin cancer, as well as reduce the risk of premature aging.
There are two main types of sunscreen: chemical and physical. Chemical sunscreens work by absorbing UV rays, while physical sunscreens work by reflecting or scattering them. Physical sunscreens are generally considered to be more effective, as they provide a more complete block of UV rays. They are also less likely to cause skin irritation, making them a good option for sensitive skin.